Ifland, J. R., Preuss, H. G., Marcus, M. T., Rourke, K. M., Taylor, W. C., Burau, K., Jacobs, W. S., Kadish, W., & Manso, G. (2009). Refined food addiction: a classic substance use disorder. Medical hypotheses, 72(5), 518–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2008.11.035
From the literature review’s hypothesis: “Overeating can be described as an addiction to refined foods that conforms to the DSM-IV criteria for substance use disorders.”